Archive for the 'C.S. Lewis' category

Absence, Longing, and Joy…

February 15, 2010 8:25 pm

Nothing can make up for the absence of someone whom we love, and it would be wrong to try to find a substitute; we must simply hold out and see it through. That sounds very hard at first, but at the same time it is a great consolation, for the gap, as long as it remains unfilled, preserves the bonds between us. It is nonsense to say that God fills the gap; God does not fill it, but on the contrary, God keeps it empty and so helps us keep alive our former communion with each other, even at the cost of pain… The dearer and richer our memories, the more difficult the separation. But gratitude changes the pangs of memory into a tranquil joy. The beauties of the past are borne, not as a thorn in the flesh, but as a precious gift in themselves. We must take care not to wallow in our memories or to hand ourselves over to them, just as we do not gaze all the time at a valuable present, but only at special times, and apart from these keep it simply as a hidden treasure that is ours for certain. In this way the past gives us lasting joy and strength.

~Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Letters and Papers from Prison

  • A Year with Dietrich Bonhoeffer: Daily Meditations from His Letters, Writings, and Sermons
    A Year with Dietrich Bonhoeffer: Daily Meditations from His Letters, Writings, and Sermons
    Author: Dietrich Bonhoeffer

Lewis had at the cornerstone of his faith experience something that he referred to as “joy”. But what he called joy, was much different than what is typically conjured in my mind when I hear the word. I quickly relate joy to happiness and then I contrast and differentiate it from happiness by making an experiential distinction. Happiness is something I can categorize as moments of circumstantial favor for my particular disposition. Joy is a more willful choice I make to see the happiness I ought to have regardless of my circumstances.

I believe that Lewis’s conception of joy differs from my trained perception in that it has an inherently transcendent nature, in his own words “a longing”, and is usually described as a very spiritual experience in which the object of the longing is perhaps just out of reach in this life.

Do what they will, then, we remain conscious of a desire which no natural happiness will satisfy. But is there any reason to suppose that reality offers any satisfaction to it? “Nor does the being hungry prove that we have bread.” But I think it may be urged that this misses the point. A man’s physical hunger does not prove that man will get any bread; he may die of starvation on a raft in the Atlantic. But surely a man’s hunger does prove that he comes of a race which repairs its body by eating and inhabits a world where eatable substances exist.

In the same way, though I do not believe (I wish I did) that my desire for Paradise proves that I shall enjoy it, I think it a pretty good indication that such a thing exists and that some men will. A man may love a woman and not win her; but it would be very odd if the phenomenon called “falling in love” occurred in a sexless world.

Here, then is the desire, still wandering and uncertain of its object and still largely unable to see that object in the direction where it really lies.

If Christianity could tell me no more of the far-off land than my own temperament led me to surmise already, then Christianity would be no higher than myself.

~C.S. Lewis

On some level I have come to accept and look for this phenomenon in most every aspect of life. At first it seems like a cruel joke, a cosmic teasing of sorts. But vain attempts to try to satisfy or saturate the desire always leaves such a profound lack of satisfaction that the “joy” of longing for something better does start to emerge.

Our current technologies are often focused on solving perceived problems of want or desire. If you want to make a mint in the tech world, then find a stock consumer driven complaint; solve it efficiently with a web page, device, or pill and then sit back and collect as the consumers attempt to satisfy whatever is missing by clicking and swallowing after the ever regressing dopamine feedback loop.

But, perhaps “the problem” technologists are trying to fix is the very intimation of joy (longing) that is the best hint this world has to offer towards better fulfillments yet to come. Well at least, this is I believe where Lewis would reside in his analysis of modern tech trends… of which he may lump them all together with his fictional mud pies anecdote.

We are half-hearted creatures, fooling about with drink and sex and ambition when infinite joy is offered us, like an ignorant child who wants to go on making mud pies in a slum because he cannot imagine what is meant by the offer of a holiday at the sea. We are far too easily pleased.

~C.S. Lewis; The Weight of Glory

  • The Weight of Glory
    The Weight of Glory
    Author: C. S. Lewis

And this is where I see a universal connection to people who would scoff religion, Christianity, the Bible, and perhaps even the vague land of “spirituality” on one page… and then on the very next page assert this very same profound observation of the good nature of longing that is deeply rooted in what it means to be a human. To remove the longing by employing a gadget is a spiritual trespass.

If some infantile trauma or anxiety can be made obsolete by technology, then what will happen as soon as possible (perhaps even sooner!).

Children want attention. Therefore, young adults, in their newly extended childhood, can now perceive themselves to be finally getting enough attention, through social networks and blogs. Lately, the design of on-line technology has moved from answering this desire for attention to addressing an even earlier developmental stage.

Separation anxiety is assuaged by constant connection. Young people announce every detail of their lives on services like Twitter not to show off, but to avoid the close door at bedtime, the empty room, the screaming vacuum of an isolated mind.

~Jaron Lanier, You are not a Gadget

  • You Are Not a Gadget: A Manifesto
    You Are Not a Gadget: A Manifesto
    Author: Jaron Lanier

Devilish Social Justice…

February 10, 2010 6:00 pm

The ‘historical Jesus’ then, however dangerous He may seem to be to us at some particular point, is always to be encouraged. About the general connection between Christianity and politics, our position is more delicate. certainly we do not want men to allow their Christianity to flow over into their political life, for the establishment of anything like a really just society would be a major disaster. On the other hand we do want, and want very much, to make men treat Christianity as a means; preferable, of course, as a means to their own advancement, but, failing that, as a means to anything–even to social justice. The thing to do is to get a man at first to value social justice as a thing which the Enemy demands, and then work him on to the stage at which he values Christianity because it may produce social justice. For the Enemy will not be used as a convenience. Men or nations who think they can revive the Faith in order to make a good society might just as well think they can use the stairs of heaven as a short cut to the nearest chemist’s shop. Fortunately it is quite easy to coax humans round this little corner. Only today I have found a passage in a Christian writer where he recommends his own version of Christianity on the ground that ‘only such a faith can outlast the death of old cultures and the birth of new civilizations’ You see the little rift? ‘Believe this, not because it is true, but for some other reason.’ That’s the game.

~Screwtape, as Written by C.S. Lewis; The Screwtape Letters

  • The Screwtape Letters
    The Screwtape Letters
    Author: C. S. Lewis

The Way of the ‘Sensible Man’…

12:42 am

The Way of the Disillusioned ‘Sensible Man’–He soon decides that the whole thing was moonshine. ‘Of course,’ he says, ‘one feels like that when one’s young. But by the time you get to my age you’ve given up chasing the rainbow’s end.’ And so he settles down and learns not to expect too much and represses the part of himself which used, as he would say, ‘to cry for the moon’.

This is, of course, a much better way than the first, and makes a man much happier, and less of a nuisance to society. It tends to make him a prig (he is apt to be rather superior towards what he calls ‘adolescents’), but, on the whole, he rubs along fairly comfortably.

It would be the best line we could take if man did not live for ever. But supposing infinite happiness really is there, waiting for us? Supposing one really can reach the rainbow’s end? In that case it would be a pity to find out too late (a moment after death) that by our supposed ‘common sense’ we had stifled in ourselves the faculty of enjoying it.

~C.S. Lewis; Mere Christianity, Hope

  • Mere Christianity
    Mere Christianity
    Author: C. S. Lewis

It is to this fatal error of the ‘Sensible Man’ that Lewis would have found fundamental respect, yet supreme difference with the likes of Freud and Nietzsche… is it hope, or is it self deception?

I call a lie: wanting not to see something one does see, wanting not to see something as one sees it… The most common lie is the lie one tells to oneself; lying to other is relatively the exception.

~ Friedrich Nietzsche, The Anti-Christ

  • A Nietzsche Reader (Penguin Classics)
    A Nietzsche Reader (Penguin Classics)
    Author: Friedrich Nietzsche
  • The Question of God: Sigmund Freud & C.S. Lewis
    The Question of God: Sigmund Freud & C.S. Lewis
    Director: Catherine Tatge

The Dance of Theology…

February 5, 2010 4:21 pm

Last year I ventured into a theology class at a local seminary. My father was taking a few classes in his retirement and I decided to join him for one on a promotional scholarship, Trinitarianism 402.

I must admit, I entered the class with a casual sophomoric confidence… the abstract paradox of the trinity is something I had been swallowing as a basic “truth” about God since I was probably 7 years old. The class structure was fast paced academia from the get go, there was lots of material, terminology, and history to get through in our once a week 4 hour lecture sessions… and our professor was not going to waste any time with a drawn out setup.

To be fair, this is a 400 level class, and most folks attending a seminary long enough to get to this class have had plenty of time to ponder a more holistic reality of God… so diving into the specifics of the content is pretty reasonable.

However, my father (a self proclaimed evangelist and exhorter) begged to differ. After reading what seemed like a random collection of esoteric theology discussion books and enduring several weeks of long lectures laden with ancient insider terminology… he was out. I didn’t blame him, but I was down for finishing off the class and I think I was even learning something. Strange new words like “Perichoresis” offered entrance into a very old conversation about God and His triune nature.

The ancient theologian John of Damascus (c.675-c.749), may have been the first to coin the term “Perichoresis” as an reference to the mutual indwelling of persons described in this passage.

John 17:20-26

20″My prayer is not for them alone. I pray also for those who will believe in me through their message, 21that all of them may be one, Father, just as you are in me and I am in you. May they also be in us so that the world may believe that you have sent me. 22I have given them the glory that you gave me, that they may be one as we are one: 23I in them and you in me. May they be brought to complete unity to let the world know that you sent me and have loved them even as you have loved me. 24″Father, I want those you have given me to be with me where I am, and to see my glory, the glory you have given me because you loved me before the creation of the world. 25″Righteous Father, though the world does not know you, I know you, and they know that you have sent me. 26I have made you known to them, and will continue to make you known in order that the love you have for me may be in them and that I myself may be in them.”



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Swimming Lessons…

February 1, 2010 12:42 pm

And notice that those cautions which the tempter whispers in our ears are all plausible. Indeed, I don’t think he often tries to deceive us (after early youth) with a direct lie. The plausibility is this. It is really possible to be carried away by religious emotion–enthusiasm as our ancestors called it–into resolutions and attitudes which we shall, not sinfully but rationally, not when we are more worldly but when we are wiser, have cause to regret. We can become scrupulous or fanatical; we can, in what seems zeal but is really presumption, embrace tasks never intended for us. That is the truth in the temptation. The lie consists in the suggestion that our best protection is a prudent regard for the safety of our pocket, our habitual indulgences, and our ambitions. But that is quite false. Our real protection is to be sought elsewhere: in common Christian usage, in moral theology, in steady rational thinking, in the advice of good friends and good books, and (if need be) in a skilled spiritual director. Swimming lessons are better than a lifeline to the shore.

~C.S. Lewis, from “A Slip of the Tongue” (The Weight of Glory)

  • A Year with C. S. Lewis: Daily Readings from His Classic Works
    A Year with C. S. Lewis: Daily Readings from His Classic Works
    Author: C. S. Lewis

Zombies…

January 29, 2010 3:50 pm

If there are enough zombies recruited into our world, I worry about the potential for a self-fulfilling prophesy. Maybe if people pretend they are not conscious or do not have free will–or that the cloud of online people is a person; if they pretend there is nothing special about the perspective of the individual–then perhaps we have the power to make it so. We might be able to collectively achieve antimagic.

Humans are free. We can commit suicide for the benefit of a Singularity. We can engineer our genes to better support an imaginary hive mind. We can make culture and journalism into second-rate activities and spend centuries remixing the detritus of the 1960s and other eras from before individual creativity went out of fashion.

Or we can believe in ourselves. By chance, it might turn out we are real.

~Jaron Lanier; You are not a Gadget, The Zombie Army

  • You Are Not a Gadget: A Manifesto
    You Are Not a Gadget: A Manifesto
    Author: Jaron Lanier

Is this simply some over indulgent post apocalyptic worrying or is Jaron getting at something old and true about the perennial temptations to view humankind as less than it is?

More often than not when confronted with something that smells of a conspiracy theory, I produce a derisive smile, perhaps a snide remark, and then I move on with my life and work. But when I read a description like this… when I think through the modern fixation with the “zombie” creature… I can not help but to consider the connection to the creature that C.S. Lewis so aptly named…

Men Without Chests

I do believe that Lewis laid out the formal argument and history for this temptation in his book, “The Abolition of Man” and I believe he carried it out in narrative form through his space odyssey, especially and specifically the third book in the series, “That Hideous Strength”.

I am becoming increasingly convinced that our age of technological immersion of humanity and personhood is going to greatly challenge everything that is an accurate and honest answer to the question…

What does it mean to be human?

…the problem is; zombies don’t answer questions, nor do they pose them.

  • The Abolition of Man
    The Abolition of Man
    Author: C. S. Lewis
  • That Hideous Strength (Space Trilogy, Book 3) (Paperback)
    That Hideous Strength (Space Trilogy, Book 3) (Paperback)
    Author: C.S. Lewis

The Speed of Appreciation…

January 11, 2010 6:34 pm

I number it among my blessings that my father had no car, while yet most of my friends had, and sometimes took me for a drive. This meant that all these distant objects could be visited just enough to clothe them with memories and not impossible desires, while yet they remained ordinarily as inaccessible as the Moon. The deadly power of rushing about wherever I pleased had not been given me. I measured distances by the standard of man, man walking on his two feet, not by the standard of the internal combustion engine. I had not been allowed to deflower the very idea of distance; in return I possessed “infinite riches” in what would have been to motorists “a little room.” The truest and most horrible claim made for modern transport is that it “annihilates space.” It does. It annihilates one of the most glorious gifts we have been given. It is a vile inflation which lowers the value of distance, so that a modern boy travels a hundred miles with less sense of liberation and pilgrimage and adventure than his grandfather got from traveling ten. Of course if a man hates space and wants it to be annihilated, that is another matter. Why not creep into his coffin at once? There is little enough space there.

~C.S. Lewis, Surprised by Joy

  • Surprised by Joy: The Shape of My Early Life
    Surprised by Joy: The Shape of My Early Life
    Author: C.S. Lewis

Temperance…

December 30, 2009 10:42 pm

Temperance is, unfortunately, one of those words that has changed its meaning. It now usually means teetotalism. But in the days when the second Cardinal virtue was christened ‘Temperance’, it meant nothing of the sort. Temperance referred not specially to drink, but to all pleasures; and it meant not abstaining, but going the right length and no further. It is a mistake to think that Christians ought all to be teetotalers; Mohammedanism, not Christianity, is the teetotal religion. Of course it may be the duty of a particular Christian, or of any Christian, at a particular time, to abstain from strong drink, either because he is the sort of man who cannot drink at all without drinking too much, or because he is with people who are inclined to drunkenness and must not encourage them by drinking himself. But the whole point is that he is abstaining, for a good reason, from something which he does not condemn and which he likes to see other people enjoying. one of the marks of a certain type of bad man is that he cannot give up a thing himself without wanting every one else to give it up. That is not the Christian way. An individual Christian may see fit to give up all sorts of things for special reasons–marriage, or meat, or beer, or the cinema; but the moment he starts saying the things are bad in themselves, or looking down his nose at other people who do use them, he has taken the wrong turning.

One great piece of mischief has been done by the modern restriction of the word Temperance to the question of drink. It helps people to forget that you can be just as intemperate about lots of other things. A man who makes his golf or his motor-bicycle the centre of his life, or a woman who devotes all her thoughts to clothes or bridge or her dog, is being just as ‘intemperate’ as someone who gets drunk every evening. Of course, it does not show on the outside so easily: bridge-mania or golf-mania do not make you fall down in the middle of the road. But God is not deceived by externals.

~C.S. Lewis; Mere Christianity, The ‘Cardinal Virtues’

  • Mere Christianity
    Mere Christianity
    Author: C. S. Lewis

Merely Rereading…

December 28, 2009 7:12 pm

I recently found myself recommending an old favorite to a few friends, “Mere Christianity”. I had rediscovered it recently as an essential aid in describing my favorite sin, “The Great Sin” as Lewis puts it. In the midst of highlighting entire pages, I thought… “Maybe I should just reread this whole book…”

The real black, diabolical Pride, comes when you look down on others so much that you do not care what they think of you. Of course, it is very right, and often our duty, not to care what people think of us, if we do so for the right reason; namely, because we care so incomparably more what God thinks. But the proud man has a different reason for not caring. he says ‘Why should I care for the applause of that rabble as if their opinion were worth anything? And even if their opinions were of value, am I the sort of man to blush with pleasure at a compliment like some chit of a girl at her first dance? No, I am an integrated, adult personality. All I have done has been done to satisfy my own ideals–or my artistic conscience–or the traditions of my family–or, in a word, because I’m That Kind of Chap. If the mob like it, let them. They’re nothing to me.’ In this way real thorough going pride may act as a check on vanity; for, as I said a moment ago, the devil loves ‘curing’ a small fault by giving you a great one.

~C.S. Lewis; Mere Christianity, The Great Sin

  • Mere Christianity
    Mere Christianity
    Author: C. S. Lewis



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